The Hangzhou Bay Bridge is one of the longest bridges in the world. Bridges of China

Thousands of tourists come to see the wonderful Chinese bridge, because it is not only grandiose, but also extraordinarily beautiful.

Traveling around our planet can acquaint you not only with the magnificent corners of nature, but also with the amazing creations of human hands.

The longest bridge in China - Hangzhou Bay, 36 km

One example of unusual engineering structures is longest bridge in the world, hangzhou bay, located in Hangzhou Bay, which it crosses, like the Qiantang River. Its length is 36 kilometers! Thousands of tourists come to see the wonderful Chinese bridge, because it is not only grandiose, but also extraordinarily beautiful.

Perhaps only scrupulous and industrious Chinese could build such a creation - a bridge curved in the shape of the letter S. It plays a very important role in the life of the east coast, as a highway connecting Jiaksin and Ningbo passes through it.

The construction of the bridge brought huge benefits to the Chinese economy: thanks to him, the travel time between Shanghai and Ningbo was significantly reduced (by two hours, and in terms of distance it is 120 km). The route is considered high-speed (up to 100 km/h), it has six lanes, three in each direction. This allows up to fifty thousand cars to pass through the bridge every day.

For the convenience of drivers and passengers, a special island has been built, on which it is possible to relax in comfort - the developed infrastructure is replete with hotels and restaurants.

During the construction of the longest bridge, special cables were used, able to overcome all the adverse effects of natural disasters, taking into account the geography and seismology of the region - the bridge is resistant to an earthquake of seven points on the Richter scale. The total length of the cables used in the construction is thirty-two kilometers. The construction was carried out both directly at the construction site and on the ground, as ready-made cast units were used, transported to their places.

Huge cranes on floating platforms were involved in the installation of the spans. The construction was carried out for six long years, and was completed in 2009, at the same time the bridge was put into operation. Hangzhou Bay has become not only the longest bridge, but also one of the most expensive - its construction cost the Chinese treasury almost one and a half billion US dollars.

The longest bridge - photo

Today, the bridge is no longer perceived as a miracle, but the fact that it was built and serves a huge traffic flow, being located in the most difficult geographical conditions, it stands, relying on a heterogeneous seabed, in a place where the strongest current dominates and there is a possibility of a blowout gas. In addition, it is at this point that the strongest typhoons are constantly born. Let's hope that the bridge will stand for more than one hundred years, and someday it will be perceived in the same way as the Great Wall of China.

The People's Republic of China always surprises with the scope of its buildings. Apparently, after the Great Wall of China, they cannot stop, and they need all the very best. Particular attention is drawn bridges in China. If you turn to Wikipedia with the question " longest bridges in the world”, then you can see that 12 out of 20 are in the PRC, and occupy the top three positions. In the material we will talk about the most exciting of them.

Danyang-Kunshan Viaduct

We will start with the longest bridge in the world, which is listed in Guinness Book of Records. The length of the bridge is 164.8 km. Most surprisingly, the construction took only two years, the construction period from 2008 to 2010.

The Danyang-Kunshan viaduct is located in the east of the country in Jiangsu province, connecting the cities of Shanghai and Nanjing, and is part of the Beijing-Shanghai high-speed railway. Approximately 9 kilometers of the bridge is above the water.

Bridge Hong Kong - Zhuhai - Macau

Another longest in the world, but already a sea bridge connects major cities: Hong Kong, Zhuhai, Macau. The structure consists of a series of bridges - 38 km, underwater tunnels - about 7 km, access ramps and artificial islands. The total length of the construction is 55 km, and the length of the main part of the bridge is about 30 km. Construction was completed in 2017, it took 8 years.

According to preliminary information, the bridge should be put into operation in May 2018. Prior to the construction of this facility, the first place among sea bridges was also occupied by the Chinese Qingdao bridge across the bay.

Bridge over Hangzhou Bay

This longest transoceanic bridge in the world connecting Shanghai and Ningbo. Its length is 36 km., And halfway there is a platform island where drivers can stop and rest or have a bite to eat right in the middle of the bay. The construction of the bridge lasted from 2003 to 2007.

Pedestrian glass bridge

Another record holder was a pedestrian bridge in southern China in Sichuan province. He received the title - the highest in the world glass bridge. Its length is 488 meters, and it is located at an altitude of 1,880 meters above sea level (the distance from the bridge to the bottom of the gorge reaches 186 meters).

At the same time, no more than 500 people are allowed on the bridge, but the structure itself is designed for 2,000 visitors. Of course, this walk is not for the faint of heart. In addition to this, the bridge has a special effect: plasmas are built into it, which emit cracked glass underfoot.

Duge Bridge

If we talk not about pedestrian bridges, but about automobile bridges, then the Chinese have bypassed everyone. Completed in 2016 highest suspension bridge in the world, which connects the western and eastern banks of the Beipanjiang River. The Duge Bridge is located at an altitude of 564 m above the river and has a length of more than 1,341 meters. It took 3 years to build it.

Bridge over Siduhe

Another suspension bridge crosses the Siduhe River Valley in Hubei Province. It was he who occupied the first place among suspension bridges before the Duge was built. But we could not bypass it because of the laconic design, which looks so organically against the backdrop of a picturesque landscape. The total length of the bridge is 1,222 meters, the height above ground level is 496 meters.

Lupu Bridge

Second longest steel arch bridge in the world with a total length of about 4 km. It is laid over the Huangpu River and connects two districts of Shanghai. Lupu Bridge has a modern design and looks especially impressive at night when the lights are on.

To select the project, a competition was held, which was organized by the city administration. The opening of the bridge took place in 2003.

Sutong Bridge

The bridge is located in Suzhou in Jiangsu province in east China. It runs across the Yangtze River and is 8,206 meters long. The opening of the bridge took place in 2008. It is not only an important object, as it shortens the path between the two counties, but also a striking landmark due to its futuristic design.

Jiaxing Shaoxing Bridge

The longest and widest bridge among multi-pylon cable-stayed bridges, crosses hangzhou bay and connects the cities of Jiaxing and Shaoxing. General bridge length 10,138 meters. It also looks very impressive at night in the lights of illumination.

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Superbridge has two lanes in each direction. At the same time, cars are prohibited from driving on it at a speed higher than 80 kilometers per hour.

The construction of the bridge began in 2007 and was carried out according to the original Chinese technology.

This stunning bridge has recently opened in the province Hunan, China. It is located above the gorge with a height of 180 meters. An interesting moment: the bridge sways in the wind! So all thrill-seekers will be happy to see in the picturesque village of Hunanpijan.

Zhunyang Hanging Mos t - the southern part of the complex bridge structure crossing the Yangtze River in Jiangsu Province, about 45 km east of Nanjing. The complex consists of two bridges: suspension southern and cable-stayed northern. It is part of the Beijing-Shanghai Expressway. The name of the bridge comes from the fact that it connects Zhenjiang (former Runzhou) and Yangzhou.

Lupu Bridge- the second longest arch bridge and steel arch bridge in the world, after Chaotianmen in Chongqing. The total length of the bridge is 3.9 km. The bridge was designed and built to offload traffic and connects Shanghai's Pudong new business district with one of the old Luwan. Construction began in October 2000. The road of the bridge is fastened on cables attached to the arch. For the bridge, two paired curved arches were made. The arches of the bridge have 16 puffs stretched between the bases of the arch, this is due to the soft soil of the banks of the Huangpu River, because without them the arch would straighten. The bridge was opened on June 28, 2003.

Xihoumen Bridge Suspension bridge in Zhoushan archipelago, China. The main compartment was completed in December 2007. The bridge was opened in test mode on December 25, 2009. It is the second longest bridge in the world, in terms of the length of the central compartment. The launch date was delayed due to the ship colliding with a bridge support on November 16, 2009.

jiangyin bridge - This is the bridge across the Yangtze River closest to the sea at the time of its construction, but later two more bridges were built downstream: the Sutong Bridge and the Shanghai Bridge and the Yangtze Tunnel. It connects Jiangyin City, Wuxi City, Jiangsu Province, China, and Jingjiang City, Taizhou City, the same province. The main span of the bridge is 1,385 meters long, making it the seventh longest suspension bridge in the world and the largest in China when it was completed in 1999. With the completion of the Junyang Bridge in 2005 and the Xihoumen Bridge in 2007, it became the third largest in China.

qingdao bridge across the bay - the second longest bridge (in total) in the world and the first longest bridge over water (as of January 2011). Crosses the northern part of Jiaozhou Bay, connecting the city of Qingdao (36°09′36″ N 120° 21′27″ E with suburban industrial area Huangdao (36°05′39″ N 120°07′33″ E. The length of the bridge is about 42.5 kilometers (26.7 miles), which surpassing the previous record-holder, the Pontchartrain Bridge in Louisiana, by almost 5 kilometers China already hosts ten of the world's longest bridges, including the 164-kilometer Danyang-Kunshan Viaduct on the Beijing-Shanghai High Speed ​​Rail.

Tsingma, Tsing-Ma - Suspension bridge in Hong Kong, the sixth longest in the world. It connects Tsing Yi Island in the east and Ma Wan (Ma Wan) Island in the west, is part of the Lantau Highway, which, with three other bridges, connects the New Territories, and Chek Lap Kok Island, where Hong Kong International Airport is located. The railway is part of the MTR subway system, the Tung Chung line and the international airport.

Chaotianmen Bridge - an arch bridge with the longest span in the world, crossing the Yangtze and Jialingjiang rivers in Chongqing (PRC). The total length of the bridge is 1.7 km. Construction of the bridge began in December 2004 and was completed on April 29, 2009.

Bridge over Siduhe Suspension bridge across the Siduhe River Valley in Hubei Province, China. The maximum height above ground level is 496 meters, making it the tallest bridge in the world. The bridge is part of the G50 highway connecting Shanghai and Chongqing. The bridge has 4 working lanes for traffic and 2 reserve lanes.

Yongle Bridge(Yongle Bridge) formerly called the Chihai Bridge with a Ferris wheel panorama of the city of Tianjin across the HaiHe River, China.

In the south of China in the business district of Zhuhai, China, the Shizimen Bridge has won an international bridge and gateway design competition. Many large construction companies from China and other countries took part in the competition. The jury evaluated both the design of the buildings and the economic component. In particular, a lot of attention was paid to energy consumption for the production of objects.

http://bigpicture.ru/, based on materials from foreign press

What is a bridge? This is an artificial structure that can be erected through any physical obstacle, be it a river, a ravine, a lake, a strait, a building or anything else. It is believed that bridges appeared in antiquity - this is generally one of the oldest engineering structures that was built by human hands. Initially, the buildings were created from wood, then stone came in its place.

Danyang-Kunshan Viaduct (164.8 km)

The Danyang-Kunshan Viaduct opens our list. This is the longest bridge in the world, the length of which is already 164.8 kilometers! Interestingly, this is a railway bridge, which is located in East China in Jiangsu province between the cities of Nanjing and Shanghai. For the most part it is located above the ground, however, approximately 9 km pass above the water surface. The discovery of this stronium took place two years ago.

If we talk about the amount that was spent by the Chinese government, then it is huge - more than 10 billion US dollars! At the same time, 500 thousand tons of steel and about 2.5 million cubic meters of concrete were spent on the construction! Incredible numbers! By the way, the Danyang-Kunshan viaduct is listed in the Guinness Book of Records.

Tianjin Viaduct (113.7 km)

Another Chinese viaduct. It is part of the Beijing-Shanghai High-Speed ​​Railway and the Beijing-Tianjin Intercity Railway, like our previous contender. Its length is 113.7 kilometers. It starts near Beijing South Railway Station and ends in Tianjin City, crossing several districts of Langfang City along the way. As in the previous case, its opening took place in the summer of 2011.

Bridge over the Wei (79.73 km)

Yes, it’s not so easy to believe, but the third place on our list is again taken by the Chinese bridge! It is interesting because it crosses the Wei River twice during the journey. Of course, it also crosses other rivers, but in this case it is no longer so important.

The facility is part of the Zhengzhou High-Speed ​​Rail Line, which connects the Chinese cities of Xi'an and Zhengzhou. It is noteworthy that the facility was ready for commissioning back in 2008, but the Chinese government decided to wait. The opening of the bridge took place in 2010 along with the opening of the railway line.

Bang Na Highway (54 km)

Well, we are finally moving from China to nearby Thailand, where the Bang Na highway passes, the length of which is 54 km. Interestingly, it passes right in Bangkok and is an elevated bridge-type structure that has six traffic lanes (three in each direction). The total width of the roadway is just over 27 meters.

The government of the country decided to build a bridge in order to unload the city from numerous traffic jams. But the main problem is that you have to pay for the passage on the bridge, and not every local resident can afford it.

Work on the creation was carried out for more than five years - the opening of the bridge took place in 2000, and the total construction costs amounted to more than one billion dollars.

Qingdao Bay Bridge (42.5 km)

And again, China is waiting for us, or rather, the Qingdao Bridge, which crosses the northern part of the Jiaozhou Bay, connecting the industrial region of Huangdao with the city of Qingdao.

The construction took just four years and about $10 billion. The bridge stands on more than 5,000 pillars. The roadway is divided into six lanes, the quality of the asphalt is excellent. More than two million cubic meters of concrete were used for the construction, as well as about half a million tons of steel. Representatives of the company that built this structure claim that its construction is so strong that it can withstand an eight-magnitude earthquake without any problems. Interestingly, the workers began to build at the same time from both ends and eventually met exactly in the middle of the “distance”.

Meanwhile, local residents are not very happy with the construction, because they do not see much benefit - you can get from Qingdao to Huangdao by many other roads, spending twenty minutes more on it.

Lake Pontchartrain Causeway (38.42 km)

Lake Pontchartrain Causeway is known as a bridge connecting the cities of Mandeville and Metairie, which are located in the US state of Louisiana. The building crosses Lake Pontchartrain. The idea of ​​its creation appeared in the 19th century, but the formation of the bridge began only in the middle of the 20th century. The construction was completed seven years later, and a parallel bridge was also built. The total cost is about $57 million.

The Lake Pontchartrain Causeway has always had a toll, so motorists had to pay $1.5 each. True, after 1999 the conditions of travel have changed - now the entrance from the north side has become free, while motorists traveling from the south must pay $ 3.

Great Transoceanic Bridge over Hangzhou Bay (35.67 km)

In front of you is a cable-stayed bridge, which is located in Hangzhou Bay off the east coast of China. It connects two cities - Ningbo and Shanghai. This is one of those rare cases when the building was opened long before the official presentation was to take place - this happened in 2008 instead of the planned 2010.

According to the company that built this highway, its service life reaches 100 years. The maximum speed limit is 100 km/h and there are three lanes in each direction. Interestingly, about 40% of all funds were provided by private enterprises that were interested in building the bridge. The remaining 60% were taken from various banks.

Thanks to this road, motorists save a lot of time getting from Ningbo to Shanghai - if it used to take them about five hours, now it takes only one hour.

Hangzhou Bay (36 km)

Hangzhou Bay begins in the north of China in Jiaxin and ends in the south in Ningbo. The bridge is the most important freeway on the east coast. Thanks to this building, which, by the way, is curved in the shape of the English letter S, residents of Shanghai can get to Ningbo in just two hours, instead of the previous four, and the distance has been reduced to 120 kilometers. However, some manage to drive through this section in just over one hour. There is a speed limit here - no higher than 100 km per hour, and the highway itself has three lanes in each direction, so there are no traffic jams here. The capacity of the bridge is about 50,000 cars daily, and this is not so little. By the way, unlike most of these buildings, approximately in the middle of the route there is a kind of island for the rest of drivers and passengers, where there are several hotels, bars, restaurants, parking lots, shops and, of course, toilets.

Hangzhou Bay began to be built back in 2003, and was put into operation only in 2009. The cost of the bridge was a mind-boggling $1.42 billion.

According to Wang Yong, the chief civil engineer, they encountered great difficulties during the construction of the structure. So, the environment here is clearly not suitable for bridges, since typhoons periodically occur here, and the seabed is so heterogeneous that there were problems with the installation of supports. In addition, there is a very strong current. However, now the bridge is practically not affected by natural disasters (for example, it is able to withstand a 7-magnitude earthquake on the Richter scale). Huge barges and floating cranes were used to install all the elements. As a result, a bridge of unreal beauty that overshadows any others.

Junyang Bridge (35.66 km)

And again we are talking about China. The Junyang Bridge crosses the Yangtze River in Jiangsu Province and connects the cities of Yangzhou and Zhenjiang. Construction began in 2000, and the bridge was commissioned five years later. The costs amounted to about $700 million.

Shanghai Maglev (30.5 km)

And now it's time to talk about more interesting things. The fact is that the Shanghai Maglev is the world's first commercial maglev railway line, which connects the Shanghai metro with the Pudong International Airport. Bullet trains run along the line, the maximum speed of which reaches 431 km/h. A little over 30 km, the train passes in 7 minutes and 20 seconds.

The railway line cost a private company a lot of money, since a significant part of it was laid through wetlands. However, passengers have to pay, since even the price of even the cheapest ticket is about $6. His photo is just above.

The Chinese have accomplished another architectural miracle on a grand scale. The completed Hangzhou Bay Bridge is a key section of China's East Coast Super Highway. The bridge starts at Jiaxing in the north and ends at Ningbo in the south of the country. It is the longest bridge in the world crossing the ocean, with a length of 36 kilometers. The bridge crosses Hangzhou Bay in the East China Sea and the Qiantang River in the delta of the great Yangtze River.

The construction of this facility reduced the land transport distance from Ningbo to Shanghai by 120 km, and the transit time was reduced from four hours to two. The highway with two directions contains six lanes, the speed limit here is 100 km/h. According to the project, the bridge is guaranteed to last 100 years.

The bridge is not only the longest (by sea), but also built in the most difficult marine environment - one of the three strongest currents on Earth flows here, typhoons often occur, and the seabed is extremely heterogeneous. The map shows the location of the bridge:

Pictured is the opening ceremony of the Hangzhou Bridge

Hangzhou Bay is a bay in the East China Sea where one of China's natural wonders, the Qiantang River flow, is observed, creating fast water currents and large waves. The area is also prone to frequent typhoons. These factors made the task more difficult for the planners, with the development of the design and construction plan only completed after nine years of consultation and more than 120 technical studies involving more than 700 experts worldwide.

The cable-retained bridge design was chosen as it was considered the best to withstand adverse conditions, multidirectional currents, high waves, and site geological conditions. The structure of the bridge was also designed according to seismic criteria and maintains the integrity of the bridge in earthquake conditions up to seven points on the Richter scale. The 36 km bridge has six lanes, 3.75 meters each, three in each direction. The total width of the bridge will be 33 m. The height of 62 m will allow fourth and fifth generation container ships to pass under the arches. The total length of the rope used in the project will be 32.2 km.

All bridge components were cast on the ground, and then the finished components were transported to the site for assembly and final installation. Giant floating cranes with precise anchoring devices were used to ship and install the girders at sea. The Hangzhou Bay Bridge consists of nine sections, 50 RTK5700 GPS systems have been installed in order to dock all plates and sections of the bridge with perfect accuracy

In the middle of Hangzhou, there is a 10,000 m driver's rest island where you can relax and enjoy a full range of services, including hotels, restaurants, gas stations and an observation deck. The island is popular with tourists who love to watch the famous river flow. The maintenance island is built entirely on a pier to avoid destruction and is equipped with the latest security and monitoring systems. There are public parks on both sides of Hangzhouwan.

The new bridge connected Hong Kong, Zhuhai and Macau. The bridge took eight years to build and is estimated to cost 110 billion yuan (14.16 billion euros). The construction, which lasted eight years, created three artificial islands and an underwater tunnel (also the longest in the world).

Here's what it all looks like.

In 2018, the longest bridge in the world across the sea was put into operation, which connects Hong Kong, Macau and Zhuhai. The length of the structure is 55 km, of which 38 km falls directly on various sections of the bridges. In addition to them, there is an underwater tunnel almost 7 km long and artificial islands. The length of the main bridge is almost 30 km, for traffic there are three lanes in each direction.

Construction has been underway since 2009, while taking into account environmental requirements so as not to harm the marine fauna of the region. The tunnel and sections with cable-stayed bridges were built in order to ensure the passage of large-capacity sea vessels.

The main work was completed in July 2017, and it was expected that traffic on the bridge would be launched before the end of the year. However, the coordination of border control mechanisms is still ongoing: Hong Kong and Macau, although they are part of the PRC, are special administrative units.

According to the creators, the bridge will be able to withstand an earthquake of magnitude 8 and will last at least 120 years.

It took 420,000 tons of steel to build the bridge, enough to build 60 Eiffel Towers.