Crater Lake, USA: description, photo, where it is on the map, how to get there. Crater Lake - the deepest lake in the USA Heavenly Lake, North Korea, China
Crater Lake is distinguished by the striking blueness and purity of its waters, for which it was nicknamed “Blue-Eyed.” The lake is unique in many respects, and a separate national park was even created to protect it.
The lake and Crater Lake National Park is located in the Cascade Mountains of the North American West and Northwest.
CREATION OF UNDERGROUND FIRE
Crater Lake was formed as a result of active volcanic activity and large-scale eruptions.
Crater Lake in Oregon is known far beyond the borders of the United States. The purest water, which has a bright blue color, brought him fame. This phenomenon is explained by the significant depth of the lake (594 m) and the transparency of the water: it absorbs all shades of the visible spectrum, except blue, which is why it acquires the indigo color.
7,700 years ago, the lake appeared in the crater of the Mazama stratovolcano - one of several in the Cascade Mountains chain - after its eruption. Over time, sediment and landslide deposits covered the caldera floor, creating a loose lake bed. As the caldera cooled, precipitation no longer evaporated, but accumulated at the bottom, forming a lake. Additional moisture was brought by streams that formed during the melting of snow on the slopes of the caldera: a lot of snow falls here, sometimes up to 3 m. The slopes of the lake are overgrown with dense coniferous forest. Today, hydrothermal activity is still observed at the bottom of the lake.
The Oregon Indians of the Klamath tribe are familiar with the history of the appearance of the lake, but among the people it has acquired a mythological appearance. According to legend, the god of the underworld Lao, who wanted to destroy humanity, clashed in battle with the god of the upper world Skell, who stood up for the people. Defeated, Lao fell from Mazama, breaking through the crater.
The first European American to discover the beauty of Crater Lake was John Wesley Hillman in 1853. He gave the lake its first name - Deep Blue Lake. Subsequently, the names of the reservoir were changed more than once until the modern one was established - Crater.
"OLD MAN" AND THE LAKE
For decades now, a ten-meter tree trunk has been drifting in the waters of Crater Lake, preserved intact by low temperatures.
There are only two relatively large islands on the lake - Sorcerer Island and Ghost Ship. Both are volcanic ash cones that formed after the caldera formed. Rhyodacite domes also formed at the same time.
One of the most famous attractions of Crater Lake is the ten-meter trunk of a pine tree, nicknamed the “Old Man of the Lake.” For over a hundred years now, it has been floating on the lake in a strictly vertical position, rising above the water by about one and a half meters, repeating the same route from year to year. The tree owes its strength to the low temperature of the water in the lake.
National Park Crater Lake came into existence thanks to William Steele (1854-1934), a conservation enthusiast dubbed the “Father of Crater Lake.” For seventeen years he fought for the opening of a national park here, until this happened in 1902. It was he who gave the names to the Witch Island and the rock of the god Lao.
Crater Lake National Park is also known for its Pumice Desert. This is a vast area with traces of ancient eruptions, devoid of vegetation, since due to the high porosity of the earth's surface, water instantly seeps deep into the area. Stone spiers look bizarre: pointed columns were formed in places where toxic gases were released, cementing ash and pumice in the form of spiers.
ATTRACTIONS
Natural:
■ Crater Lake.
■ Sorcerer Islands and Ghost Ship.
■Rhyodacite domes.
■ Pumice desert.
■ Fumaroles.
■ Stone spiers (Pinnacles).
■ Mount Scott, Hillman, Union and Crater.
■ Rock of the god Lao.
■ Old coniferous forest.
■ Crater Lake is the second deepest lake in North America after Great Slave Lake (614 m) and the eighth-ninth deepest in the world (the deepest is Baikal, 1642 m).
■ In 2005, the United States Mint issued a 25-cent coin to honor Oregon and Crater Lake. It depicts the lake itself, the Sorcerer's Island and the caldera.
■ The depth of the lake was first measured in 1886 by an expedition of the US Geological Survey. Depth was measured in 168 places. The maximum depth was recorded at 608 m. More than a hundred years later, in 2000, based on the results of measuring the depth of the lake using an echolocator, it turned out that the previously obtained data were close to the truth.
■ Fish appeared in the lake in 1888: fry of sockeye salmon and rainbow trout were released here. The fish have taken root and are reproducing well. Before the fish, the only living thing in the lake was the microscopic creature Algaphogopsis, also known as the “Crater Lake tick.”
■ Crater Lake freezes extremely rarely, as warm air masses pass over it with Pacific Ocean, although there has been snow on the slopes for 8 months in a row. The last time the lake froze was recorded in 1949.
GENERAL INFORMATION
Location: western North America, northwestern USA.
Administrative location: Klamath County, Oregon, USA.
Origin: crater.
Water balance: drainless.
Mineralization: fresh.
Food: snow, rain.
Islands: Sorcerer's and Ghost Ship.
NUMBERS
Swimming pool: 60 km 2 .
Volume: 18.7 km 3 .
Mirror area: 53.2 km2.
Maximum length: 9.7 km.
Maximum width: 8 km.
Average depth: 350 m.
Maximum depth: 594 m.
Transparency: up to 40 m.
Average water temperature: +12.8°C.
Length coastline: 35.1 km.
Altitude above sea level: 1883 m.
Caldera depth: 1220 m.
Koldovskaya Island: height - 233 m.
CLIMATE
Subalpine.
Average January temperature: -5°C.
Average July temperature: +22°C.
Average annual precipitation: 1700 mm.
Relative humidity: 70-80%.
An incredibly beautiful lake in the caldera of an extinct volcano is located in the northwestern part of the United States, in the state of Oregon. This Crater Lake is one of the most amazing and stunning lakes on the planet. It is one of the ten bluest (yes, don’t be surprised by the blue) and deepest lakes on Earth.
Crater Lake on the map
- Geographic coordinates 42.942544, -122.111569
- The distance from the US capital Washington is approximately 3800 km in a straight line
- The nearest local airport is Southwest Oregon Regional Airport, approximately 180 km away. to the west
- To the nearest International airport Portland about 300 km
An amazing lake, filled with the purest water of an equally amazing color, arose as a result of the eruption of the Mazama volcano. This happened about 7700 years ago.
According to scientific research, Crater Lake was formed something like this: the top of the volcano collapsed during an eruption, forming a caldera about 1220 meters deep. Landslides from the edges of the caldera created the bottom of the future reservoir. But the lake did not appear there immediately, but over a long period of time, collecting sediment drop by drop. Gradually, a reservoir formed, and the edges of the caldera were covered with forests, creating an unsurpassed natural landscape.
Crater Lake is an almost circular body of water in the crater of a volcano. It is located at an altitude of about 2 km above the sea and has a fairly decent size.
Crater Lake by the numbers
- length/width 8 x 9.6 km
- average depth - 350 m.
- maximum depth - 594 m.
- surface area - 53 km2
- water volume - 18.7 km3
The first depth measurements were taken in 1886 by the American Geological Survey. Then, measuring the depth in many places, they found out that the maximum was 608 meters. But, either the lake’s water level decreased, or the measurement technique was imperfect, already in 2000, using modern echolocation equipment, the maximum recorded depth was 594 meters.
The Klamath Indians most likely witnessed the eruption of the Mazama volcano, since legends still exist that say that in ancient times a grand battle took place here between the God of the sky Skell and the God of the underworld Liao. The Indians call this battle “The Last Great Battle.” The winner of the battle was the Sky God Skell.
As befits the Indians, they endowed Crater Lake with mythical and magical properties. Indians visited it in search of visions and in attempts to predict the future. And those who managed to guess the future or actually “see it” were considered to have the sacred power of spirits.
The first European settler to see the lake for the first time was John Wesley Hillman. This happened in June 1853. It must be said that the reservoir made an indelible impression on him, and John named it Deep Blue Lake (in the original Deep Blue Lake). For some unknown reason, this name did not catch on. The lake has changed three names. After Deep Blue, it began to be called Lake Majesty or Majestic Lake (in the original Lake Majesty). Let us note that in those days, apparently, there was a strain on imagination, and the reservoir received a third name, Crater Lake. And since in the original it looks like Crater Lake, we can safely conclude that the formal translation sounds like Crater Lake or Lake in the Crater. Therefore, you can find the name Crater Lake.
Well, no imagination at all. In our (very subjective) opinion, this lake could have been given a more attractive name, for example, “Liao Mountain Tomb” or “Great Lake in the Clouds”. Surely the Indians - masters of interesting names - could not come up with some epic name? They should at least take some ideas from the Chinese. After all, they can have much more poetic names. Remember what names are typical for Chinese attractions. Reed Flute Cave, Tiger Leaping Gorge - not a name, but a song.
Crater Lake is the main attraction of the National Park of the same name (the park itself was founded to preserve this beautiful body of water). Naturally, this unique body of water attracts many tourists. Entrance to the park is paid, but the price is quite reasonable and will not leave a gap in your budget.
There are a couple of volcanic islands on the lake. Big Island called Witch Island (in the original Wizard Island - which literally translates as “Sorcerer Island”). It, like the shore of the lake, is covered with forest. And a very small one, called the Ghost Ship (in the original Phantom Ship). There are only a few trees on this island.
And it’s worth mentioning one interesting and mysterious attraction. This is the “Old Man of the Lake” or “Old Man of the Lake”. This is a tree trunk that has been drifting in the lake for more than a century. And what is important and surprising is that the trunk floats vertically. Its length is approximately 9 meters, of which a little more than a meter is visible above the water. The thickness of the log is about 60 cm. Since the water in the lake is quite cool, the log is practically not subject to destruction. Its upper part has long since turned white. Perhaps because of this, it received the old man's name.
Initially there were no fish in the lake. Only from 1888 to 1941 did juveniles of rainbow trout and sockeye salmon begin to be released here. The fish adapted very quickly and began to reproduce, and now the fish population is quite large.
Crater Lake photo
Official name: Crater Lake National Park.
Park area: 741 sq. km.
Date of foundation: 05/22/1902
Crater Lake National Park is located in the south of Oregon and was founded more than a century ago, on May twenty-second, one thousand nine hundred and two. Crater Lake is quite a tourist destination - up to three hundred and ninety thousand guests come here every year.
This lake is located in the crater of an old extinct volcano called Mount Mazama. Its maximum depth is five hundred and ninety-seven meters, which makes Crater Lake the fifth deepest lake in the country and the seventh among all lakes on the planet. The length of the Crater is nine thousand six hundred meters, and the width is eight thousand meters. The average depth of the lake is approximately three hundred and fifty meters. It is noteworthy that not a single stream or river originates from the lake, nor do they feed it with their waters. Tourists are attracted here not only by the amazing location of the lake in the caldera of the volcano, but also by the poisonous blue hue of the local water.
The edges of the volcano's caldera are quite high - their height ranges from two thousand one hundred to two thousand four hundred meters above sea level. The caldera began its formation almost immediately after the destruction of the Mount Mazama volcano, approximately seven thousand seven hundred years ago. Average height The lake is currently one thousand eight hundred eighty three meters above sea level.
Many tourists are attracted to these parts by the hope of seeing Kreiter's mascot - the "Old Man of the Lake", the legend of which has spread throughout the world. In fact, the “Old Man of the Lake” has been floating on the lake for about a hundred years, which turned out to be an ordinary log. What is surprising is not only the floating time of the log, but also the way it travels across the lake water surface - the log floats in a vertical position. Perhaps the life of the log was extended by the Crater water, or rather, its rather low temperature, which could preserve the structure of the wood for many years.
Mount Mazama Volcano is part of the Cascade Mountains volcanic arc. Its main rocks are rhyodacite, dacite and andesite. The death of the volcano is considered to be its last eruption, which was so powerful that it led to its subsidence. During subsequent eruptions, volcanic forms close to modern ones were formed: Merriam Cone, Sorcerer Island and a rhyodacite dome almost in the very center of the lake platform. The lake appeared thanks to precipitation and hot springs, which gradually cooled. At the moment, scientists are inclined to believe that a new eruption of Mount Mazama is possible in the future.
Crater Lake was featured on the state's commemorative twenty-five-cent coin, issued six years ago.
Crater Lake National Park (Oregon's only national park) is one of the most amazing natural sites in the world. This natural site is a huge lake located in the caldera, formed as a result of the eruption of the Mount Mazama volcano about 7,000 years ago. The rich blue color, the surrounding caldera and the beauty of the surrounding landscape attract many visitors to it. The author of the encyclopedia about US National Parks, Keyes Nelson Beecher, in 1957 named Crater Lake one of the three most picturesque natural sites in the world (along with the Grand Canyon and Victoria Falls).
Few places on our planet excite visitors as much as Crater Lake. Stories about the deep blue lake are never able to give listeners a full picture of its beauty until they themselves look at it from the edge of the caldera. Even experienced travelers are amazed by the 30 km circle of rocks around the incredibly blue lake. The color phenomenon is partly explained by the great depth of the lake - 594 m at its lowest point. The purity, beauty and incredibly blue color of the lake has long attracted the attention of artists, photographers and all nature lovers.
History of Crater Lake
People began to live in this territory 12 thousand years ago. Based on archaeological evidence collected in the 1930s, they witnessed a massive volcanic eruption that created Crater Lake. It was obviously one of the most impressive sights ever seen by man.
For a variety of reasons, the lake was unknown to Europeans for a long period of time. The famous American explorer John Fremont led an expedition during 1843-1846 exploring the area in the immediate vicinity of Crater Lake, and probably heard stories about its existence. Traders and hunters also roamed the mountains and valleys of central Oregon and the Klamath Basin, but none of them were able to see the huge lake in the crater of the former volcano.
In 1852, gold was discovered on Daisy Creek in Oregon. Rumors of gold caused a massive influx of precious metal seekers into the region. On June 12, 1853, prospectors John Wesley Hillman, Henry Klippel, and Isaac Skeeters finally discovered the lake, calling it Deep Blue Lake. The place from which they first saw the lake is now called Discovery Point. The discoverers of Crater thought only about gold, so the find was very quickly forgotten and the lake was not mentioned anywhere for a long time.
A group led by Chauncey Nye rediscovered the lake in 1862 and named it Blue Lake. The discovery was reported in the Oregon Sentinel, and Chauncey Nye went down in history as the first person to make public information about Crater Lake. Gradually, stories about the lake spread not only in Oregon, but also beyond its borders. In 1869, Jim Sutton, editor of a Jacksonville newspaper, named it "Crater Lake," a name that eventually stuck. Interestingly, it first appeared on the map only in 1875.
Interest in the lake has increased among the public, officials and scientists. In 1883, representatives of the US Geological Survey Everett Hayden and Diller visited the future territory of the national park and explored Wizard Island.
In 1886, a research expedition of the US Geological Survey was organized to conduct a detailed survey of the lake. Weighing half a ton, the research vessel Cleetwood was lowered down the steep slopes of the caldera into the Crater. Bottom measurements were taken in 168 places of the lake. The maximum depth was set at 608 m (not much different from the modern officially established depth of 584 m). At the same time, topographers explored the surrounding area and created the first professional map of the area.
The name of William Glandston Steele is associated with the formation of Crater Lake National Park. In 1885, he visited the lake for the first time, after which he spent most of his adult life actively working to obtain national park status for it. It took him 17 long years. He writes articles for newspapers and magazines, collects petitions, conducts lobbying activities, meets with members of Congress and other government officials, and participates in a number of other promotional activities.
William enlisted the help of the famous geologist Clarence Dutton, who wrote articles about Crater in a scientific journal, and Joseph Diller, one of the first scientists in the US Geological Survey to study volcanoes. All this helped draw attention to the lake. Opponents of the creation of a national park included loggers, farmers, land speculators, and representatives of the mining industry.
Bills to create Crater Lake National Park failed to pass Congressional votes in 1895 and 1899. After 17 years of active lobbying, numerous articles, letters, statements and books, William Steele turned to his personal friend Theodore Roosevelt, and the effort paid off. A bill to create the park was introduced in Congress in 1901, and was approved in 1902 with the support of Giffort Pinchot and Theodore Roosevelt. Roosevelt signed the bill officially creating Crater Lake National Park on May 22, 1902.
The park was closed between 1942 and 1945 due to travel restrictions imposed during World War II.
In 1957, Crater became the first national park in the United States to introduce paid camping on its territory on a concession basis.
In 1980, the park's territory was expanded by 57 km2, bringing the total area to 457 km2.
Despite the deep blue color of the water at Crater, visitors can't help but wonder what happened to end up on top of the mountain. Geologists see the reason in the history of many years ago.
Indian legends telling about quarrels between the gods of the heavenly and underworlds helped geologists reconstruct a fairly accurate timeline of events. The top of the mountain was formed from lava flows, ash and rock debris from previous eruptions. Around 4860 BC The last eruption of Mount Mazama occurred. As a result of an explosion of enormous force, volcanic dust and smoke rose high into the air. After the explosion, the top of Mount Mazama turned into a shell with a cavity underneath. Local Indians witnessed the destruction of the shell of the Mount Mazama volcano, resulting in the formation of a huge smoldering caldera.
The height of the caldera rim ranges from 2100m to 2400m. Water accumulated in the caldera over centuries in the form of rain and snow filled the space and formed the lake. This huge bowl is the remnant of the volcano. The lake's maximum depth is 594 m, making it the deepest lake in the United States, and the second deepest in North America, and in the world according to this indicator it ranks 9th. However, if we compare its average depth (350m), then according to this indicator the lake ranks first in the Western Hemisphere and third in the world. The lake has a rich blue color, and the only source of water replenishment is precipitation in the form of rain and snow. Water consumption occurs due to evaporation and seepage into underground layers. Since the lake has no rivers or streams flowing into it, its water contains few minerals and any contaminants.
Although snow covers Crater Lake for 8 months (average annual snowfall is 1350 cm), it rarely freezes, partly due to relatively mild air currents from the Pacific Ocean. The last time the lake froze was recorded in 1949 as a result of a long and harsh winter. Crater Lake's great depth serves as a thermal reservoir, absorbing sunlight and keeping the lake's average surface temperature stable at 12.8 °C.
Since its formation, interest in the park has constantly increased. In its first few years, the park received several thousand visitors annually. Ten years after its formation, the park was visited by 5,000 travelers annually. Nowadays, 500,000 tourists come here every year.
The picturesque scenery of Crater Lake can only be seen during the summer months. Heavy snowfalls in autumn, winter and spring close roads and tourist routes, including the Rim Drive, which remains fully open to traffic between July and October, and partially during May, June and November. The bulk of tourists come here in the summer, after the snow has completely melted. But every winter the park is open to visitors provided the weather is clear. Tourists who prefer active recreation come here in winter to ski. Whatever the weather, hot or cold, Crater Lake National Park provides wonderful holiday and vivid impressions.
One of the most beautiful places National Park is the "Rim Drive" road, 50 km long along the mountains and cliffs, completely surrounding the lake in a circle. The road operates for several months in the summer, and provides access to any corner of the lake for almost every visitor.
In addition to the picturesque lake, the park contains several other interesting objects associated with volcanic phenomena, which became the main driving force in the formation of this territory.
Crater Lake Attractions
1. Phantom Ship. The Ghost Ship is an island formed from lava with a maximum peak height of 48 m. At dusk, its silhouette evokes the image of an ancient ship abandoned to its fate in the ocean.
2. Hillmann Peak. Hillmann Peak is a 70,000 year old volcanic cone named after one of the three gold miners who first discovered the Crater.
3. Wizard Island. Sorcerer's Island - a mountain of volcanic ash, rises to a height of 233m above the surface of the lake. His name is associated with a pointed hat attributed to sorcerers. There is no doubt that there is a lot of magic in this stunningly beautiful place.
4. Pinnacles (pointy peaks). Pinnacles were formed as a result of volcanic gases and erosion. First, hot gases escaping from holes in the ground strengthened the rock. Erosion then eroded the soft rock, leaving only the hard spiers.
In the park you will find small rivers, waterfalls, forests with red fir, mountain hemlock, and pine. The forest covers a total area of 20,000 hectares. Most of the park is a wilderness area, with a developed network of paved tourist routes with a total length of 225 km. The park is a natural habitat for lynxes, deer, marmots, bears, hawks, and eagles.
Crater Lake National Park offers a variety of species to choose from active rest. The park has developed hiking, popular cycling and aquatic species recreational activities such as fishing, boat excursion. Visitors can go skiing during the long winter and explore the caldera. The highest peak near Crater Lake is Mount Scott with an altitude of 2722 m. A rather steep 4 km long trail has been laid to the top of the mountain. On a clear day, visibility from the summit reaches 160 km, from which the entire caldera of the lake, the snow-capped peaks of the Cascade Mountains to the north and the Columbia River Plateau to the east are clearly visible.
Fishing is permitted without any licenses and restrictions on the number of fish caught and its size. Previously, there were no fish in the lake. Several species of fry were introduced in 1888, but before 1941 all fish stocks were exhausted. After World War II, fish stocks were restored. Sockeye salmon (fish of the salmon family) and rainbow trout are now reproduced here using natural methods. During the summer, swimming in the lake is allowed, and tourists have the opportunity to take a boat excursion to the Sorcerer's Island.
The national park provides visitors with the necessary infrastructure, which includes a tourist center, restaurants, shops, gas stations, hotels, and campsites. The Crater Lake Lodge is one of the finest of all US national park lodges.
Crater Lake gives an unforgettable experience to everyone who has visited this corner of nature, and serves as an example of the conservation of picturesque natural sites in other parts of our planet. The park continues to be a popular tourist destination in the United States.
View photos:
Crater lakes are located in craters. Craters, in turn, can appear in places where large meteorites fall, in excavation and mining sites, or on the tops of volcanoes.
The water in these lakes most often has a high acid content, but there are exceptions. Some crater lakes boast clean fresh water.
Volcanic crater lakes are unique and attractive due to the bright shade of the waters and unique shapes.
Once a crater is formed, rainwater, a melting glacier, or groundwater fills the depression.
Many crater lakes are formed in the most inaccessible places, and in the absence of inflow or outflow of water, they contain the purest water.
Here are some of the most beautiful volcanic and crater lakes in the world that are known for their uniqueness.
Quilotoa
Located in the Ecuadorian Andes, the lake is at an altitude of almost four kilometers. It appeared about forty thousand years ago. Today this lake is an increasingly popular attraction in Ecuador. It is not surprising, because the magnificent view and emerald green waters can conquer any tourist.
Pinatubo
This Philippine lake appeared in a crater at the top of Mount Pinatubo. The volcano last erupted in June 1991, and the eruption created a deep crater lake. Pinatubo is the youngest lake in the Philippines. The water in it changes color from blue and greenish to brown.
Previously, it was possible to get to the lake only on foot and by car, but today tourist routes to the shores of this bright lake have begun to include air transport.
Okama
On the border of two Japanese prefectures - Yamagata and Miyagi - is the Okama crater lake, also known as the lake of five colors. The waters of this reservoir change color depending on weather conditions and the direction of the sun's rays. The lake is almost three hundred years old, and it has long attracted tourists with its beauty. There is a temple and restaurant near the shores of Okama. Unlike tourists, animals and birds do not rush to the shores of the lake, since the water in it is very acidic.
Inferno
This aptly named lake lies in the Waimangu Rift Valley on New Zealand's North Island. This small and relatively young lake (130 years old) is distinguished by the azure color of its waters and its high temperature, due to the geothermal activity of the region. This lake is sometimes called the largest geyser in the world.
Katmai
Located in the same name national park in southern Alaska, this century-old lake features dark green waters and an altitude of two thousand meters above sea level. This lake has filled the caldera of a dangerous stratovolcano, which at any moment can release a stream of toxic gases, so it is better not to plan a trip to the shores of the lake. Instead, its amazing views can be enjoyed on a plane tour.
Cheonji
This lake has several names because it is located on the border of China and North Korea, on the top of Mount Paektusan (2100 meters above sea level). The Guinness Book of Records lists the “heavenly lake” as the highest crater lake in the world.
It is over a thousand years old and is covered with a thick layer of ice for almost nine months of the year. In North Korea, many stories and legends surround this magnificent lake.
Toba
This huge volcanic lake is located on the Indonesian island of Sumatra, which is already 77 thousand years old. Toba is the largest lake in Indonesia, and the size of the ancient volcanic caldera in which this turquoise body of water formed gives it the title of one of the largest crater lakes in the world.
Despite the unique status of a natural and cultural attraction, the lake is threatened by pollution due to active economic activity on its shores.
Colored lakes of Kelimutu
On the Indonesian island of Flores is the Kelimutu volcano, which has three craters filled with water of different colors. Not only do the three lakes differ in color from each other due to different minerals dissolved in the waters, but the color of the water in each lake varies depending on weather conditions from blood red and black to azure and turquoise. The lakes are a unique sight and therefore very popular among tourists.
Bajada Del Diablo
This shallow lake, formed from the fall of several meteorites, is not a popular tourist destination, but not because tourists would not like to explore this unique area. The thing is that only scientists are allowed to the shores of the lake, since the entire region has so far been little studied and is of great interest for several fields of science.
Albertine Rift Valley
This fault is located on the territory of several African states and was formed by a combination of tectonic and volcanic activity. On the territory of the rift valley there are several crater lakes, the natural significance of which is very high.